生命周期评价中的时间折扣研究

生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)是评价产品生命周期环境影响和资源消耗的有效工具。但是现行的LCA并没有考虑清单数据的时间差异,导致了生命周期影响评价结果的不准确性。研究了LCA中的时间差异和生命周期排放模式,引入生命周期平均排放速率函数,以连续排放的模式代替现有研究的脉冲排放模式。在此基础上运用一级衰减模型建立了LCA中的时间折扣计算方法。最后,以国内某企业生产的洗碗机产品进行实例研究,说明LCA时间折扣的应用,表明应用时间折扣方法后CO2排放的变化。

Research on temporal discounting for life cycle assessment

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)is an effective tool to assess the environmental impacts and resources consumed throughout a product’s life cycle.However,current Life Cycle Assessment does not consider the relative temporal differences in inventory data,which makes the life cycle impact results inaccurate.Based on research on temporal discounting problem of LCA and the emission pattern,the average emission velocity function is introduced as a kind of continuous emission to take the place of pulse emission in present research.Then,a temporal discounting method for LCA based on first order degradation is proposed.At last,a case study is conducted on a dishwasher produced in China to demonstrate the proposed temporal discounting method for LCA,in which CO2 emission is used as an example to show the effects of the application of the proposed temporal discounting method.