陆地生态系统水体中硝酸盐行为过程模拟原理、进展及存在问题

该文以SWAT、AnnAGNPS、HSPF、RZWQM、BASINS和GLEAMS六种主流模型为例,系统阐述了陆地生态系统模型中硝酸盐行为过程的模拟与应用发展情况,分析了目前主流模型中硝酸盐模拟的原理,探讨了存在的问题,指出了有微生物参与的氮素转化过程的计算方法、氮素与作物耦合过程机理及定量方法方面需要深入的实验研究,以探索其机理,提高模型模拟预测性能。同时指出目前绝大多数的一维田间尺度模型应借鉴区域生物地球化学循环模拟方法或与分布式水文模型耦合进行尺度扩展;流域尺度模型,应进一步加强多个环境耦合过程的模拟研究;详细指出了SWAT、AnnAGNPS流域模型存在的问题及发展方向。

Process-based Model of Nitrate fate in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Review

In this paper, development and applications of the nitrate behavior simulation of six models, SWAT, AnnAGNPS, HSPF, RZWQM, BASINS and GLEAMS, as examples, were described in the terrestrial ecosystem. The theory and problems of nitrate process in models were analyzed, pointing out that the methods of nitrogen transformation process involved in the microorganisms, the process of nitrogen, crop coupling mechanism and quantitative methods that require in-depth experimental study to explore their mechanisms and to improve the performance of model simulation and prediction. The article also pointed out that the vast majority of one-dimensional scale model in the fields should draw on regional biogeochemical cycle simulation or a distributed hydrological model coupling scale expansion. Watershed scale model should further enhance the coupling of a number of environmental process simulation studies. And the development directions of the SWAT, AnnAGNPS model also were pointed out in detail.