鲽鱼骨超微细鱼骨泥的加工工艺研究

以鲽鱼骨为原料,采用高精密湿法超微粉碎技术制备微细鱼骨泥,研究微细鱼骨泥的较优加工工艺,为鱼骨高值化利用提供生产性指导和参考。结果显示,鲽鱼骨微细骨泥加工过程中,粉碎方式、粉碎次数、冰水添加量对鱼骨泥的粒径、感官品质、出料温度、钙元素溶出量均具有显著影响。粉碎程度越大,鱼骨泥粒径越小,钙元素溶出量越高。较优的鱼骨泥的加工工艺为:胶体磨细粉碎时冰水添加量为骨泥与冰水比例1:3 (w/v),超微粉碎时冰水添加量为骨泥与冰水比例1:5 (w/v)、超微粉碎次数为2次。该工艺条件下可获得100目的微细鱼骨泥,且得率达到60.57%。制得的微细骨泥蛋白质含量较高,脂肪含量较低,钙磷比接近2:1,营养物质均衡丰富,且TVB-N和菌落总数符合相应标准要求。

Study on processing technology of superfine plaice bone paste

Superfine fish bone paste was prepared by using wet superfine grinding. The grinding parameters of superfine bone paste were investigated to provide reference to the high-value processing and utilization of fish bone. The results showed that the particle size, sensory quality, temperature and cadmium solubility of fish bone paste were influenced by method, grinding times, and the addition of ice water. With the higher degree of grinding, the particle size of fish bone paste became smaller, while the cadmium solubility increased. The optimum grinding parameters were as follows:the crude paste was complex with 3-fold volume ice water when grinded by colloid mill. Then, the fine paste was complex with 5-fold volume ice water and superfine grinded for 2 times to make superfine bone paste. Finally, 100 mesh size of superfine bone paste were obtained and the yield was 60.57%. The last superfine fish bone paste concluded a higher content of protein and lower fats, and the ratio of calcium and phosphorus was close to 2:1, indicating the fish bone paste had a rich and balanced nutrient value. Meanwhile, the total colonies number and TVB-N value of superfine bone paste met the demand of the relevant standards.