Template free titiania photoanodes modified with carbon black or multi-wall carbon nanotubes: Thermal treatment at low and high temperature for the fabrication of quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cells |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Technological-Educational Institute of Western Greece, GR-26334 Patras, Greece;2. Physics Department, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece;1. School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;2. School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;1. Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P. O. Box 98615-538, Zabol, Islamic Republic of Iran;1. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Ticomán, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07340 México, D. F., México;2. CIDS-ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Avenida San Claudio, Edif. 137, 72570 Puebla, Pue., México;1. Department of Physics, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, 56199-11367 Ardebil, Iran;2. Department of Physics, Tafresh University, 39518-79611 Tafresh, Iran;1. Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt;2. National Research University, MPEI, Krasnokazarmennaya 14, Moscow 111250, Russian Federation;3. Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Rd., Shanghai, 201203, China |
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| Abstract: | A simple procedure was developed to prepare modified titiania (TiO2) photoanodes for dye sensitized solar cells at low and high temperature in order to improve overall cell efficiency. Modification of TiO2 films achieved by the incorporation of either carbon black powder (CBP) or multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). A small quantity of titanium alkoxide was added in a dispersion of titiania (TiO2) powder consisting of nanoparticles at room temperature, which after alkoxide?s hydrolysis helps to the connection between titiania (TiO2) particles and to the formation of mechanically stable relatively thick films on conductive glass substrates. The absence of surfactant allowed us to prepare films at relatively low temperature (~100 °C), while the effect of sintering at a higher temperature (500 °C) was also studied. The structural properties of the films were examined with porosimetry method and microscopy analysis. Better electrical results were obtained for the MWCNT (0.1 wt%) modified TiO2 films, with 3.14% and 4.68% conversion efficiencies under 1 sun illumination after treatment at 100 °C and 500 °C, respectively. The enhancement in photocurrent for MWCNT-TiO2 films compared to pure TiO2 films is attributed to the improved interconnectivity between TiO2 nanoparticles, which further improved the electron transport through the film. For carbon doped CBP-TiO2 cells, lower efficiencies were observed compared to pure TiO2. |
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| Keywords: | Multi-wall carbon nanotubes Carbon black Dye-sensitized solar cells Low temperature Quasi-solid state electrolyte |
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