45钢超声振动钻削加工机理及其试验研究

通过超声振动加工技术对45钢进行钻削加工试验,研究超声振动加工技术的钻削机理、加工孔的表面微观形貌、切屑形态,以及超声振幅和主轴转速对加工孔表面粗糙度的影响规律。结果表明:在普通车床CA6140上利用超声振动发生器、换能器、变幅杆连接钻头对45钢进行钻削,可实现传统钻削加工与超声振动钻削加工的良好结合,有效改善孔内表面的形貌,降低表面粗糙度值,且切屑形态规整;同时,超声振幅控制在20μm最佳,主轴转速在320~400 r/min范围内的加工效果较好。

Drilling Mechanism and Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Vibration Machining of 45 Steel

The drilling experimental of 45 steel by ultrasonic vibration machining technology was studied. The ultrasonic vibration machining drilling mechanism ,surface morphology of the hole ,chip shape,and the influence of the amplitude and spindle speed on the surface roughness of the hole were studied. The results showed that 45 steel drilling processing with the ultrasonic vibration generator , transducer,horn and drill bit can achieve a well combination of traditional processing and ultrasonic processing in the CA6140 lathe. The surface roughness and the chip morphology are better after drilling with ultrasonic vibration. On the choice of processing amplitude,20 μm is best. In addition,on the choice of spindle speed,the processing effect is well when spindle speed is in range of 320~400 r/min.