桥梁结构日照温度作用研究综述

为深化对桥梁结构日照温度问题的认识，从桥梁结构日照温度场分布特性、研究方法、温度作用模式与取值方式等方面，综述桥梁结构日照温度作用国内外研究现状，探讨后续的研究重点和发展方向。研究结果表明：桥梁温度场有着典型的周期性时程特征和不均匀空间特征，主要受结构形式、气候和地理环境3类因素的影响，存在明显的桥型间和地域性差异；桥梁日照温度场以数值模拟与实桥测试为主要研究方法，数值模拟中太阳辐射和对流换热的选取尚不统一，基于气象数据开展长期实桥测试十分必要，且应重视测点布置以充分反应桥梁温度非线性分布规律；现有研究多采用多次抛物线、指数曲线和多折线来描述桥梁的温度梯度形式，普遍基于气象参数相关性和统计分析来获得温度作用取值；桥梁日照温度作用的主要发展方向应关注于组合构桥梁温度场的实桥测试与温度作用模式的研究、不同地域和复杂地形条件下桥梁温度作用实测分析，以及大跨复杂结构桥梁日照温度场精细化模拟。

Review on solar thermal actions of bridge structures

To improve the understanding of the solar thermal actions of bridge structure, the domestic and overseas research status about the distribution characteristics, the research methods, the thermal action patterns and the values, etc. of solar temperature field of bridge structure were summarized and analyzed. The future research emphasis and directions were discussed. The results show: typical time-history periodic and spatially non-uniform characteristics of temperature field of bridge structure can be observed, and the characteristics, which are mainly affected by three types of factors including structural type, climate condition and geographical environment, have obvious difference due to the differences of bridge type and region. Numerical simulations and field tests are employed as the main research methods of analyzing the temperature field of bridge structure. Because the boundary conditions of solar radiation and heat convection haven’t been unified in numerical simulations, the long-term field testing of bridge based on meteorological data is still very necessary, and enough emphasis should be put on the arrangement of measurement points to completely reflect the nonlinear distribution of temperature field of bridge structure. In the existing researches, multiple parabola, exponential curve and broken lines have been commonly used to describe the temperature gradient of bridge structure, and the temperature values were generally attained based on meteorological data correlation and statistical analysis. The research directions of solar action on bridge structure may mainly include field test on temperature distribution and thermal action patterns of composite bridge structure, measurement on temperature distribution of bridge structure in different regions and complex terrains, as well as the fine numerical simulations on the solar temperature field of complex large-span bridges.