红外成像制导末端局部图像识别跟踪研究

针对红外成像制导末端目标图像充满导引头视场影响目标识别跟踪的问题，提出一种红外成像制导末端局部图像识别跟踪的方法。分析了红外成像制导原理；选取了高亮区比例、灰度标准偏差、长宽比、紧凑度和复杂度等5个特征量作为特征提取和目标识别的依据，提出适合导弹的目标快速识别算法；通过计算红外成像制导末端目标图像，在导引头焦平面上的投影面积的变化情况，分析了弹目距离与相对速度对目标图像变化情况的影响，研究了形心跟踪到局部图像跟踪的转换时机。综合考虑了可靠性和实时性要求，选取飞机机头作为局部图形跟踪的跟踪点；搭建红外成像制导仿真场景，对所提出的方法进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明：该方法能够有效地识别图像中的目标，减小红外成像导引头跟踪盲区，实现红外成像制导末端的平稳跟踪。

Research on Partial Image Recognition and Tracking in Infrared Imaging Terminal Guidance

A new method for partial image recognition and tracking in the infrared imaging terminal guidance is proposed for the problem of that the field-of-view of infrared seeker filled with target affects target recognition and tracking. The principle of infrared imaging guidance is analyzed. Five characteristic quantities, such as highlight region proportion, standard deviation of gray value, length-width ratio, compactness and complexity, are used as the criteria of feature extraction and target recognition. A fast target recognition algorithm suitable for missile is proposed. The change of target image projection area on seeker’s focal plane in the infrared imaging terminal guidance is calculated. The effects of missile-target distance and relative velocity on aircraft imaging are analyzed. The switching from centroid tracking to partial image tracking is studied. Considering reliability and real-time, the nose cone of aircraft is selected as the tracking point for partial image tracking. The simulation scene of infrared imaging guidance is built. The simulation results are analyzed. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively recognize the targets in the infrared images, decrease the blind area, and realize the steadily tracking in the infrared imaging terminal guidance.