GIS技术在流域设计径流计算中的应用

以新疆某抽水蓄能电站为例，探索GIS技术在设计径流计算中的应用。首先基于数字高程模型（DEM）和ArcGIS平台提取流域特征信息；然后应用ArcGIS平台，对降水量等值线图和径流等值线图进行矢量化处理（包括图形扫描、图形配准和矢量化等）；最后在ArcGIS平台同时打开流域水系图层、降水量等值线图层和径流深等值线图层。量算两相邻等值线间的流域面积，并采用面积加权法推求流域的降水量和径流深。计算结果表明，GIS技术解决了在等值线图上描绘出设计断面以上流域的问题；解决了因等值线分布不均匀时，如何量算两相邻等值线间的流域面积的问题。

Application of GIS Technology in Calculation of Design Runoff of Basins

In this paper,one pumped storage plant in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is taken as an example to study application of GIS technology in calculation of design runoff.First,data on basin characteristics is obtained based on DEM and ArcGIS platform;then,isograms for precipitation and runoff are vectorized including graph scanning,registration and vectorization,etc.Finally,graphical layers of basin water system,precipitation isogram and runoff depth are opened simultaneously on the ArcGIS platform,the basin area between two neighboring isolines are calculated.Furthermore,precipitation and runoff depth of the basin are computerized by area weighted factor method.The calculating results prove that GIS technology can have the basin at upstream of design section be mapped on the isogram as well as help calculate the basin area between two neighboring isolines while isolines are not distributed evenly.