汽车起重机伸缩吊臂曲线形截面的有限元分析

针对汽车起重机吊臂采用何种截面形状能够提高其整体稳定性的问题,对汽车起重机伸缩吊臂的多种截面形状进行了研究与归纳,提出了一种将非均匀有理B样条（NURBS）曲线理论应用于构造伸缩臂截面形状曲线的系统方法,从而使下盖板产生了大圆弧过度,减少了吊臂工作时震颤,减小了应力集中现象,提高了稳定性.同时,对伸缩臂模型进行力学简化,便于利用ANSYS软件进行有限元分析.并以此为基础,利用ANSYS软件本身的参数化设计语言（APDL语言）为工具进行了其整体的建模,包括实体建模（以基本臂与一节臂为例）、网格划分、滑块处理及载荷加载和约束处理.并通过全伸与全缩两种工况下的强度有限元分析说明了曲线形截面伸缩吊臂的合理性.研究结果表明,利用该方法可以减小应力集中现象,改善受力情况,较好地解决了起重机曲线形吊臂的稳定性问题.

Finite element analysis on curved cross-section telescopic boom of truck crane

Aiming at the problem of the cross-sectional shape of the truck crane boom which can improve the overall stability,various crosssectional shapes of the telescopic boom truck cranes were studied and summarized,a non-uniform rational B-spline （NURBS） curve theory was applied to construct a systematic approach telescopic cross-sectional shape of the curve,under this a large arc over would be covered,when the crane works tremors were reduced,the stress concentration was reduced and stability was improved.At the same time,for the model to simplify the mechanical telescopic arm,its easy to be used ANSYS finite element analysis software.And on this basis,using ANSYS soft-ware itself Parametric Design Language （APDL language） as a tool to carry out its overall modeling,including solid modeling（the basic arm and the arm as an example）,meshing,block processing and loading and constraint handling.Through finite element analysis of the extension and contraction strength under the two conditions of the curved section illustrates the rationality of telescopic boom.The results indicate that this method can reduce the stress concentration and improve the force,better solve the curved boom crane overall stability problems.