Studying local liquid velocity in liquid–solid packed bed using the newly developed X-ray DIR technique |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Fulton Hall, 310 W. 14th Street, Rolla, MO 65409, USA;2. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 110 Bertelsmeyer Hall, 1101 N. State Street, Rolla, MO 65409, USA;3. Leading Edge Non Destructive Testing Technology (LENDT) Group, Industrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia;1. Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 27, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;2. Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronic Control Technology, Shanghai, China;2. University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China |
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| Abstract: | Combination of X-ray Digital Industrial Radiography (DIR) and Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) techniques for local liquid velocity measurement (VLL) has been newly developed and successfully applied for trickle bed reactor (TBR). The technique was validated against newly developed fiber optical probe technique. This work attempts to highlight the applicability of this newly developed technique on a liquid–solid packed bed reactor. In this work, liquid was represented by water and solids were represented by EPS beads. The EPS beads were chosen because of its low density property. Three superficial liquid velocities (VSL) were applied to the system. The experiment was replicated four times. The digital industrial radiography (DIR) consists of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) digital detector and X-ray source. Results of this work suggest that the technique has been successfully applied and comparable with previous work that has been done in the literature. It also suggests that there will be a maximum measurable interstitial liquid velocity when it travel inside the packed bed. The measured VLL can have a maximum range that is between 4 and 4.7 times that of its VSL. For VSL=0.42±±2%, the VLL-Max is in between 1.7 cm/s and 1.9 cm/s, VSL=0.84±±2%, the VLL-Max is in between 3.6 cm/s and 4.0 cm/s, and for VSL=1.11±±2%, the VLL-Max is in between 4.3 cm/s and 4.8 cm/s. |
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| Keywords: | Digital industrial radiography Trickle bed reactor Particle tracking Local liquid velocity |
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