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文章系统总结了银根—额济纳旗盆地（以下简称银—额盆地）的油气地质特征,并通过多种方法分析了盆地油气资源潜力,评价了勘探前景。经综合评价认为银—额盆地是在前寒武纪结晶地块和古生代褶皱基底上发育起来的中新生代断陷湖盆群,下白垩统、侏罗系是盆地的两套主要油气勘探目的层,下白垩统巴音戈壁组湖相泥质烃源岩分布面积广,有机质丰度高,以II型有机质为主,是盆地主力烃源岩。下白垩统苏红图组和巴音戈壁组储层是盆地两套重要的储层,岩石类型总体以长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩及岩屑砂岩为主,储层属特低孔特低渗型。盆地发育侏罗系和下白垩统两套成藏组合,下白垩统成藏组合遍布全盆地各凹陷,是一套完整的成藏组合。断层对油气藏的形成具有重要的控制作用,早白垩世末—晚白垩世是盆地重要成藏时期。盆地远景资源量较丰富,油气总资源量达12.42×108 t,勘探前景广阔。

EXPLORATION PROSPECTS FOR OIL AND GAS IN YINGEN-EJINAQI BASIN

In the paper, the petroleum geological characteristics of Yingen Ejinaqi Basin are systematically summarized and the hydrocarbon resource potential and exploration prospects of the basin are analyzed and evaluated by use of various methods. Through comprehensively assessing, it was considered that Yingen Ejinaqi Basin is composed of a group of Mesozoic and Cenozoic fault lake basins developed on Precambrian crystalline land block and Paleozoic fold basement; the Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic are the two main target beds of oil and gas exploration; the Bayingebi Formation lacustrine argillaceous rocks of Lower Cretaceous are the major source rocks because of their wide distribution and high Type Ⅱ organic matter abundance; The Suhongtu Formation and Bayingebi Formation of Lower Cretaceous are the two important reservoirs with ultralow porosity and permeability, being mainly composed of feldspathic litharenites, lithic feldspatic sandstones and lithic sandstones; two series of reservoiring assemblages of Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous are developed in the basin, and the latter is a complete reservoiring assemblage which is widely distributed in various depressions of the basin; the end of Early Cretaceous—Late Cretaceous was the important reservoiring time in the basin; and the faults had a significant effect on reservoir formation. Therefore this basin is of a vast range of exploration prospects, being rich in hydrocarbon resources which amount is up to 1242×106 t in total.