风力发电控制问题综述

论述风力发电机组在提高机组容量、改进功率调节方式、变速恒频运行、发电机和电力电子技术等方面的进展。由于风能的能量密度低，具有不稳定性和随机性，控制技术是大型风力发电机组安全高效运行的关键。分析大型风力发电机组的动态特性，如强非线性、运行工况的频繁随机切换、定桨距风轮空气动力学的不稳定性、有效风速的不可测性和干扰因素多等特点。机组控制系统的基本目标分为4个层次：保证可靠运行、获取最大能量、提供优质电力、延长机组寿命。基于线性化模型的控制方法对于风电系统并不适用，论述对风力发电机组具有较好控制性能的智能控制。该方法是研究风力机控制问题的重要途径之一。

Overview of relevant control problems of wind turbines

Developments of wind turbine technology are discussed including unit capacity, power control, variable speed constant frequency operation, generator, and electric & electronic technology. Because wind energy has lower density, instability and randomicity, control is vital for safety and efficiency of a large-scaled wind turbine. Dynamic characteristics are analyzed such as strong nonlinearity, frequentness and randomicity of running state switching, aerodynamic instability of fixed pitch wind turbine, immensurability of effective wind speed and variety of disturbance sources etc. Four basic targets of control system are in turn reliable running, maximum energy capture, high quality power supply and long service life. For control method based on linear model is not so applicable to wind energy conversion system, research on intelligent control is highlighted, which is one of important means for wind turbine control.