絮凝剂复配在铝土矿浮选尾矿沉降中的应用研究

针对河南某铝土矿浮选尾矿沉降中絮凝剂使用量大、沉降效果差的问题,选用TLT8626与现场PAM、AS3318三种絮凝剂进行复配,对尾矿矿浆进行沉降试验,考察了复配比例、复配成分等对絮凝效果的影响。试验结果表明:单独使用现场PAM或AS3318均能得到较清的上清液,但是在用量低时两者对矿浆的沉降速度均较慢;TLT8626在用量较低时就可以达到较快的矿浆沉降速度,但是单独使用该絮凝剂无法获得较清的上清液;180 g/t的药剂总量按照质量比TLT8626∶现场PAM=2∶1或1∶1和TLT8626:AS3318=5∶1或2∶1都可以获得与现场PAM用量为240 g/t时相当的沉降效果,药剂用量减少60 g/t,药剂节约率高达25%,显著降低尾矿处理的成本。最后对复配机理进行了探讨,认为不同分子量的絮凝剂与尾矿中不同粒度颗粒的梯度匹配是复配效果好的关键所在。研究内容填补了絮凝剂复配在尾矿沉降中应用的研究空白,为国内外选矿尾矿的沉降脱水开辟了新思路。

Experimental Research on the Flotation Tailing Sedimentation of Bauxite with Composite Flocculation

In order to solve the problem of poor dewatering and high dosage of flocculation in flota-tion tailing sedimentation of bauxite in Henan , composite flocculation of TLT8626, PAM and AS3318 was used for tailing sedimentation experiment , and the effects of compound component and proportion were investigated .The results showed that the clear supernatant fluid could be obtained when PAM or AS3318 was used alone , but the settling velocities were slow with low dosage of floc-culants;TLT8626 could settle slurry quickly in low concentration , but the supernatant fluid was not clear enough .When the ratio of TLT8626 and PAM was 2:1 or 1:1 and the ratio of TLT8626 and AS3318 was 5:1 or 2:l within a total amount of 180 g/t, the same sedimentation effect as 240 g/t PAM could be obtained .The dosage reduced 60 g/t, almost 25%of the total , so the cost of disposing flotation tailing was cut down .Furthermore , the mechanism of the composite flocculation was investigated , indicating that the key of composite flocculation located at the proper match be -tween molecular weights and particle size .This paper filled the blank of composite flocculation used in tailing sedimentation , and developed a new method for tailing sedimentation at home and abroad .