非对称角根焊中焊枪偏移与熔透形态的关系

中厚板单侧开V形坡口角焊缝由于两侧结构不对称，根部焊接时散热差异大，易产生未熔合缺陷. 为保证根部打底焊良好熔透成形，提出根据正面熔池形貌变化实时调整焊枪角度的策略，提升焊接熔透质量. 结果表明，随着焊接角度变化，焊枪相对熔池发生了有规律位置偏移. 对采集到的正面熔池图像进行中值滤波等处理后获取焊枪中心的位置坐标，并研究了不同角度焊接的内部熔透形态，建立了熔池正面焊枪位置偏移量与内部熔透形态的定量关系，为利用正面熔池特征信息预测控制焊接内部熔透形态提供了一种新的方法.

Relationship between welding torch shift and penetration shape in asymmetrical root welding

Due to asymmetric structure on both sides of single side V-groove fillet weld of medium and thick plate, there is a great difference in heat dissipation during root welding, which is easy to produce incomplete fusion. In order to ensure a good penetration shape of root welding, the strategy of adjusting the welding torch angle in real time according to the changes of the front weld pool was proposed. The experimental results showed that the position of the torch shifted regularly relative to the welding pool with the change of welding angle. After median filtering and other processing on the acquired images of the front weld pool, the position coordinates of the welding torch center were obtained, and the internal penetration shape with different angles were studied. The quantitative relationship between the position offsets of the welding torch relative to the weld pool and the internal penetration shape were established. This provided a new method for predicting and controlling the internal penetration shape by using the feature information of the front weld pool.