全尾砂最佳絮凝沉降浓度及调控方式研究

针对新疆某铜矿充填溢流跑浑现象严重、充填尾砂利用率低等问题，对影响尾砂沉降速度的主要因素进行了研究，包括尾砂粒级组成、表面形状和进砂浓度等。通过试验探究了进砂质量浓度分别为10%、15%和20%条件下尾砂沉降高度(H)与时间(T)之间的拟合关系式，其相关系数(R ²)均大于0.975，推导出最有利于该铜矿尾砂沉降的进砂浓度值为16%~17%。通过对比进砂浓度为16.5%条件下沉降试验实测值与预测值，证明该方法能够较好地预测尾砂的最佳沉降进砂浓度值。试验研究及分析为现场生产提供了实际指导，通过增加进砂浓度调节设施，并将各设施的相关参数在充填站控制系统中进行数据联锁，使进砂浓度始终保持在16%~17%之间，絮凝剂的添加量与进砂量匹配并维持在最佳添加量范围内，实现了砂仓顶溢流水澄清，提高了充填尾砂的利用率。

Study on the Optimal Concentration and Controlling Mode of Whole Tailings Flocculation Sedimentation

In case of a copper mine in Xinjiang，the overflow run muddy is serious，the tailings’ utilization ratio for fillings was low，this affects the efficiency of work cycle in mine，meanwhile，the processing costs of overflow remain high.Solving the settlement problem of tailings will lay a good foundation for the construction of environmental friendly and efficient mine.In order to solve the problem，this paper study the grain degree and surface shape of whole tailings，as well as slurry initial concentration.With the aid of laser diffraction particle size analyzer and electron microscope scanning，it is showed that the content of ultrafine tailings at -20 μm is 44.61%，and shape of the tailings are irregular，and the surface are rough.The gravity of fine tailings is difficult to overcome the sedimentation resistance，which is the main reason for the muddy overflow of vertical sand tank.The relationship formula of fitting between the tailings sedimentation height and time under the slurry initial concentration of 10%，15% and 20% were explored through experimentation.It was observed that the settlement curve of different concentrations showed a similar trend. The binding degree of tailings and polymeric flocculant chain is similar to that of receptor binding enzyme，so the Hill function is used to fit the sedimentation curve，the coefficient R ² were all greater than 0.975.The fitting relationship indicates，under the same time T，the settlement height is proportional to the factor V _max，inversely proportional to K and n.By useing the numerical analysis method，the relationship between slurry initial concentration and V _max，K，n were studied，to find the peak value of C-V _max，C-k and C-n fitting curves.It was finally derived that the optimal slurry initial concentration value is 16% to 17%.Then compared the sedimentation test value with the predictive value by fitting equation under the condition that slurry initial concentration is 16.5%，the results prove that this method could well predict the optimal slurry initial concentration range for the flocculation sedimentation of the whole tailings.The above experimental research and analysis provide guidance for the field production.By increasing adjustment facility and interlock the parameters date in the filling station control system，to maintain the value of slurry concentration in the range of 16% to 17%,it matching the optimum additive amount of flocculant for the whole tailings in vertical sand tank.After this series of measures，the overflow of vertical sand tank will be clarified，the tailings’ utilization ratio for the fillings could be increased.