Perspectives on computer aiding in cognitive work domains: toward predictions of effectiveness and use

A two-stage process is proposed for evaluating computer aiding in cognitive work domains. The first stage relies on a taxonomic framework that facilitates assessments regarding the relative strengths and weaknesses of humans and computers for different computer-aiding schemes. The second stage introduces the construct of tension, which addresses the potential implications of the interplay between computer aiding constraints and human tendencies. This approach is intended to provide designers, analysts and managers with greater insight into the nature of computer aiding and ultimately to enhance their ability to predict its effectiveness as well as its prospects for being used.