考虑系统恢复能力的快速切负荷机组最优布点策略

具有快速切负荷(fast cut back, FCB)功能的火电机组在电力系统发生大停电事故后能够维持厂用电运行并迅速为停电区域供电，是一种性能优异的黑启动电源。FCB机组的布点策略会影响电力系统的恢复能力。在此背景下，建立了考虑系统恢复能力的FCB机组最优布点模型。首先，分析了FCB机组和非黑启动机组在电力系统恢复过程中的功率特性及其差异。然后，以最大化系统恢复能力为目标函数，考虑机组出力特性、FCB机组改造台数、恢复过程中电力潮流等约束条件，构建了FCB机组最优布点优化模型。采用线性化处理方法，将所提出的模型转化为混合整数线性规划模型，并采用高效商业求解器求解。最后，采用IEEE 39节点系统算例和IEEE 118节点系统算例验证了所提模型的有效性。算例结果表明，所提FCB机组布点方案能够有效提升系统的恢复能力。

An optimal location strategy of units with FCB function considering the restorability of power systems

Thermal power units with fast cut back (FCB) function, which can continue to provide power to auxiliary equipment in power plants and supply power to the power outage area quickly after a blackout accident occurs, are excellent black start sources. The location strategy of FCB units can affect the restorability of the power system. Given this background, an optimal location model of FCB units considering system restorability is proposed. First, the power generation characteristics of the FCB unit and non-black start unit in the power system restoration process as well as the differences of power generation characteristics between these units are analyzed. Second, the optimal location model of FCB units is proposed to maximize power system restorability, and relevant constraints, such as power generation characteristics of units, the number of thermal units to be upgraded to FCB ones, and the power flows in the power system restoration process, are taken into account. The optimal location model of FCB units is constructed. The proposed model is reformulated as a mixed-integer linear programming one by employing linearization methods, and efficiently solved by commercial solvers. Finally, the IEEE 39-bus and 118-bus power systems are employed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The simulation results show that the proposed location strategy of FCB units can effectively improve the restorability of power systems.

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51907043).