基于FPGA-CPU的双馈风电系统异步协同仿真

为实现双馈风电系统的并网及暂态实时仿真,研究了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array, FPGA)与CPU协同仿真的多速率并行实时仿真方法。使用开关函数法对双馈风电系统中“背靠背”换流器建模并进行资源优化,基于PWM均值化原理完成不同步长系统之间的模型分割。利用FPGA运行速率高的优点,以200 ns的步长实现了“背靠背”换流器的小步长仿真。面向有源配电网实时仿真的需求,实现了FPGA与自主研发的实时仿真机(universal real-time experimental platform, UREP)的200 ns/50 并行协同仿真。通过与Simulink离线仿真结果对比,同时分析模型优化前后的FPGA资源消耗情况,验证了协同仿真的实时性与准确性,可为各类风电系统的并网及暂态研究提供技术参考。

Asynchronous co-simulation of a double-fed wind power system based on FPGA-CPU

To realize the grid-connected and transient real-time simulation of doubly-fed wind power systems, a multi-rate parallel real-time simulation method based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and CPU co-simulation is studied. The switch function method is used to model and optimize the resources of the back-to-back converters in the doubly-fed wind power system, and the model partitioning between systems with different step lengths is carried out based on the PWM homogenization principle. Using the advantage of the high running rate of the FPGA, a small-step simulation of the "back-to-back" converter is realized with 200 ns step size. To meet the demands of real-time simulation of an active power distribution network, the 200 ns/50 parallel co-simulation of the FPGA and a self-developed universal real-time experimental platform (UREP) is realized. By comparing with Simulink offline simulation results and analyzing the FPGA resource consumption before and after model optimization, the real-time and accuracy of co-simulation is verified. This can provide a technical reference for the grid connection and transient study of various wind power systems.

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51867007).