基于液相色谱和液质联用法的动物源性食品中氟喹诺酮类与酰胺醇类药物残留检测研究进展

氟喹诺酮类和酰胺醇类药物是畜禽生产中常用的广谱高效抗生素，应用广泛，但药物残留超标现象频出。液相色谱与液质联用法是目前检测氟喹诺酮类和酰胺醇类药物残留的主要方法，当前国内标准规定的检测方法仅能在牛奶中同时检测这两类兽药残留，在其他基质中鲜有报道，因此亟需建立和优化氟喹诺酮类和酰胺醇类药物在不同基质中同时检测的方法。本文概述了液液萃取、固相萃取、QuEChERS方法和加速溶剂萃取等四种常用前处理技术，具体论述了纳米材料吸附剂这一研究热点的应用情况，并从色谱和色谱质谱联用法的角度，总结并论述了不同基质条件、仪器配置、液相条件对方法性能参数的影响，以期为动物源性食品中兽药残留的检测和监管提供参考。

Research Progress on Residue Detection of Methods of Fluoroquinolones and Amphenicols in Animal-derived Foods Based on Liquid Chromatographic and Liquid Chromatographic Mass Spectrometry

Fluoroquinolones and amphenicols are widely used as broad-spectrum and high-efficiency antibiotics in livestock and poultry production, but excessive drug residues frequently occur. Liquid chromatographic and liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry are the primary methods to detect the fluoroquinolones and amphenicols. According to the current domestic standard, these two veterinary drug residues can only be detected in milk simultaneously, and there are few reports in other matrices. Therefore, it is urgent to establish and optimize the simultaneous detection methods of fluoroquinolones and amphenicols in different matrices. This paper summarizes four standard pretreatment techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, QuEChERS method and accelerated solvent extraction, and discusses the application of hotspot nanomaterial adsorbent in detail. From the perspective of chromatography and chromatography mass spectrometry, the effects of different matrix conditions, instrument conditions and liquid phase conditions on the performance parameters of the method are summarized and discussed to provide a reference for the detection and supervision of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived foods.