益生菌对结直肠癌的改善作用与机制的研究进展

结直肠癌（Colorectal cancer , CRC）是全球最常见的癌症类型之一，也是全球第二大癌症相关死亡原因。近年来，我国结直肠癌发病率已跃居第二位，对其防治也越来越重视。研究发现肠道菌群结构与CRC的发生发展密切相关。益生菌作为肠道有益微生物，具有调节肠道免疫、增强肠道屏障和维持肠道菌群结构平衡等功能，在CRC预防和辅助治疗方面扮演重要角色。本文综述了肠道菌群对CRC影响以及益生菌对结直肠癌作用机制的研究进展，以期为益生菌预防和缓解CRC提供理论基础。

Research Progress on the Improvement Effect and Mechanism of Probiotics on Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. In recent years, the incidence of CRC has risen to the second place in China and more and more attention has been paid to its research. It has been found that the structure of intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and development of CRC. Probiotics, as a group of intestinal beneficial microorganisms, have the functions of regulating intestinal immunity, enhancing intestinal barrier and balancing of natural gut microflora. They play a significant role in the prevention and adjuvant therapy of CRC. This paper reviews the research progress on the effect of intestinal flora on CRC as well as the mechanism of probiotics on colorectal cancer, in order to lay a foundation for probiotics to prevent and alleviate CRC.