铸造型预应力筋锚垫板的受力和尺寸探讨——预应力锚固区安全探讨之三

中国近两年每年都生产1.5亿孔夹片式锚具,每年所用铸造型锚垫板约2000万块。据知,如此大量的锚垫板,绝大多数没有经过良好的安全计算和荷载传递试验的认可,使已建和在建工程中预应力筋锚固区的安全程度悬疑不定。工程的业主,结构设计人员、锚具生产企业及行业主管,不可能对此视而不见并容忍其年复一年地延续下去。国内外各相关标准及结构设计单位都没有要求锚具生产单位提供锚垫板的设计计算资料,但这并不等于不需要这些资料。锚具生产厂的锚垫板和螺旋筋设计图据何而出?工程上已使用的锚垫板绝大部分并没有压坏,但是锚固区的混凝土有没有出现裂缝,它们的安全度是否达到规范标准的要求?仍然应该给予关注,存在问题应该设法解决,本文就是为此进行的探讨。

Discussion on force and dimension of cast-molded prestressed reinforcement anchor plate -- Discussion on safety of prestressed anchorage zone III

In the past two years, China has produced 150 million hole clip anchors every year, and about 20 million cast anchor pads are used every year. It is known that such a large number of anchor plates, most of them have not been approved by good safety calculation and load transfer test, so that the safety degree of prestressed reinforcement anchorage area in the construction and construction projects is uncertain. Project owners, structural designers, anchor manufacturers and industry executives cannot turn a blind eye to this and allow it to continue year after year. The relevant standards and structural design units at home and abroad do not require the anchor production unit to provide the anchor plate design calculation data, but this does not mean that these data are not needed. Where is the anchor plate and screw bar design drawing of anchor plant based? Most of the anchor pads used in the project are not crushed, but there are no cracks in the concrete in the anchoring area, and their safety degree meets the requirements of the code standards? We should still pay attention to the existing problems and try to solve them. This paper is to discuss this.