雨洪滞留池与蓄水池模式下的雨洪过程研究

为研究雨洪滞留池和蓄水池对雨洪过程的不同影响,介绍了雨洪滞留池和蓄水池的特点及设计方法,构建了基于SWMM的雨洪模拟模型,并以济南市某小区为例,采用SWMM模型分别对雨洪滞留池和蓄水池模式下的城市雨洪过程进行了动态模拟。结果表明,雨洪滞留池和蓄水池对雨洪的控制作用及效果各有侧重,雨洪滞留池侧重于洪水调节,可通过不同高度的排水孔实时调节自身调蓄容积,对洪水的调节具有持续性,但并不能减小区域内的总径流量。而蓄水池利用自身容积对雨洪进行调节,其调节能力随自身储水量的增大而逐渐减小,当蓄水池水位较高时丧失洪水调节能力,相比雨洪滞留池其侧重于洪水利用。在实际应用中,应根据不同雨洪控制利用目标,结合区域水文特征、下游最大允许流量及工程经济等选择适宜的雨洪控制与利用模式。

Research on Urban Storm Flood Process under Mode of Detention Pond and Water Storage Tank

The detention pond and water storage tank are two different facilities for flood control.In order to find out their different effects on storm flood processes,two different facilities and their design methods are introduced.Taking a district in Ji’nan city for an example,the storm flood processes under the mode of detention pond and water storage tank are simulated by SWMM model.Through analyzing the results,it can be seen that both of the detention pond and water storage tank can control the storm flood effectively.Furthermore,the difference of effect of detention pond and water storage tank is discussed.The detention pond is emphasized flood regulation.Its regulation volume can be changed by drain hole with different height.The regulation of the storm flood is continuity but the total runoff of the area can not be reduced.The water storage tank can also control the runoff with its volume.But the regulation ability will decrease gradually with the volume of water increasing.The water storage tank is emphasized runoff utilization.Finally,this paper puts forward that the suitable flood control measures should be chosen by regional hydrology characteristics,maximum allowable discharge of downstream,engineering economics.