Synthesis and surface measurements of surfactants derived from dehydroabietic acid |
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Authors: | Peter?S?Piispanen U?R?Mikael?Kjellin Bj?rn?Hedman Email author" target="_blank">Torbj?rn?NorinEmail author |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden;(2) Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, KTH, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden |
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Abstract: | Dehydroabietates with poly(ethylene oxide) chains of average m=12, 17, and 45 units DeHab(E)
m
] were synthesized. The adsorption at the liquid-vapor interface was measured, and the adsorbed amount and critical micelle
concentrations (CMC) were determined. The foamability, the foam stability, wetting properties, and cloud points, with and
without salt content, were studied. The results were compared with common linear alkyl ethoxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylates,
and cholesterol ethoxylates. The dehydroabietic acid as hydrophobe was found to result in the same CMC as a linear dodecyl
chain. DeHab(E)45 was found to be insoluble above 400 mg/L, but the surface tensions at lower concentrations were similar to those of the C11–13E38–40 surfactants, which exhibit CMC in aqueous media. The foaming behavior of the DeHab(E)12 and DeHab(E)17 surfactants was about the same as for common linear C
n
E
m
surfactants. The foamability as well as the foam stability increased with ethylene oxide (EO) chain length. The cloud point
was depressed by increased salt concentration and increased with the number of EO units in the head group. The cloud point
was significantly lower than for the corresponding surfactant with a dodecyl chain with similar EO chain length. The wetting
results, obtained by measuring the contact angle at similar surface tensions, indicate that surfactants of the DeHab(E)
m
type are more efficient wetting agents than both disaccharide sugar surfactants and C
n
E
m
type surfactants. |
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Keywords: | CMC dehydroabietic acid foaming PEG surface tension surfactants wetting |
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