反斯托克斯荧光制冷技术的研究

自1995年Epstein实现了光与热的制冷效应的历史性突破以来，由于该制冷方法具有全光性的独特优点，同时制备的制冷器具有无振动和噪声，无电磁辐射，体积小，质量轻，可靠性高等特点，因此反斯托克斯荧光制冷器在军事，航天卫星，微电子，低温物理与工程等领域具有非常诱人的应用前景。首先介绍了该制冷方式的发展历史，研究现状和激光制冷的研制水平；其次运用热力学基本定律对反斯托克斯荧光制冷过程中的能量转换关系及转换深度减进行了分析，得出了这一过程的最大热力学效率和计算公式，为设计激光制冷器提供了热力学限制上限；最后对激光制冷的应用前景和问题进行了分析。

Study on anti-Strokes fluorescent cooling technique

Since Epstein realized the energy conversion between light and heat and got the net cooling capacity in 1995, this refrigeration method has been developed rapidly because of its merits such as mini volume, light weight, free electromagnetic radiation, non\|noise, high reliability, etc. In the meantime, anti\|Strokes fluorescent cooling has a luring future in the fields of military, aerospace, satellite, microelectronics, cryogenic physics and engineering and so on. The developing progress and current research status of this cooling technique are introduced. The conversion depth about heat energy into light radiation is analyzed in detail utilizing the basic thermodynamic law. The definitions of light effective temperature and thermodynamic conversion efficiency are introduced and a formula to calculate the thermodynamic upper efficiency limit is derived, which could provide a design guide rule to produce the laser cooling machines. The technical difficulties for realizing long life anti\|Strokes fluorescent cooling are pointed out and the prospect of anti\|Strokes fluorescent cooling technique is finally foreseen.