冶金用耐火材料与铁水相际间运动的电现象

钢铁冶炼过程中,耐火材料与钢液(铁水)界面间存在的电场将影响两相间的润湿、溶解以及化学反应等界面作用。为明确钢液(铁水)与耐火材料间因相对运动所引起的摩擦起电行为,进行低温流体流动带电试验和热态模拟试验。由低温流体流动带电试验可知,随着搅拌速度的增加,流体与石墨容器因摩擦起电所产生的静电电压逐渐增大;不同种类的流体因其密度、黏度以及流体内部含有的杂质、离子数量不同,流动所产生的静电大小差别明显。由热态模拟试验可知,流动的铁水与耐火材料会产生摩擦起电,且随铁水流动速度的增加,由此产生的静电增大;不同种类的耐材与流动的铁水产生的静电大小各异,与其自身理化性质有关。

Electric phenomenon of interphase movement between metallurgical refractory and molten iron

In the process of iron and steel smelting, the interfacial effects such as wetting, dissolution and chemical reaction between the refractory and molten steel (hot metal) will be affected by the electric field existing on the interface. In order to clarify the frictional electrification behavior between molten steel (hot metal) and refractory materials caused by relative motion, a low-temperature fluid flow charging experiment and a thermal simulation experiment were carried out. It can be seen from the low-temperature fluid flow and charging experiment that as the stirring speed increased, the electrostatic voltage generated by the friction between the fluid and the graphite container gradually increased. Due to the different density, viscosity, and the number of impurities and ions in different fluids, the static electricity generated by the flow varied significantly. From the thermal simulation test, it can be seen that frictional electrification occurred between the flowing molten iron and the refractory material, and as the speed of the molten iron flow increased, the generated static electricity increased. The magnitude of static electricity generated between different types of refractory materials and flowing molten iron was different, which was related to their physical and chemical properties.