LCST型智能聚合物及其在生物医学领域的研究进展

低临界溶解温度（LCST）型聚合物因其独特的温度响应特性而在众多领域具有广泛的应用，其响应温度与聚合物结构密切相关。通过分子设计和改造，可以将LCST型聚合物的响应温度调节至生理温度附近，从而使其应用于生物医学领域。从热力学角度解释了LCST型聚合物的温敏机理。介绍了聚丙烯酰胺类、聚乙烯基酰胺类、聚醚类、聚甲基丙烯酸酯类和聚噁唑啉类LCST型聚合物，及其在药物输送、基因治疗和组织工程等生物医学领域的研究进展。大多数LCST型聚合物存在功能较为单一、难以生物降解等问题。因此，开发具有多重响应性和生物降解性的LCST型聚合物是未来的重要发展方向。

Progress in LCST Smart Polymers and Their Applications in Biomedical Field

Low critical solution temperature （LCST） polymers are widely used in various fields due to their unique temperature-responsive properties，which are closely related to the polymer structure. Through molecular design and modification，the response temperature of LCST polymers can be adjusted to around physiological temperature for potential biomedical applications. In the present work，the temperature-responsive mechanism of LCST polymers is thermodynamically interpreted. The types of LCST polymers （polyacrylamides，polyvinylamides，polyethers，polymethacrylates，and polyoxazolines），and their applications in biomedical fields such as drug delivery，gene therapy and tissue engineering are presented. Most LCST polymers have the disadvantages of single responsiveness and poor biodegradability. Therefore，the development of chemical structures with multi-responsive property and/or biodegradable property is an important future direction for LCST polymers.