海底输水管道中气阻及水击问题研究进展

针对海底输水管道工程中存在的对输水目标不利的驼峰气阻和水击问题,引入气泡理论和流态分析方法计算分析跨海输水管道中驼峰气阻的形成过程,采用特征线法建立输水管道中加压泵事故断电引发的水击计算模型,介绍了海底输水管道中的水击防护措施,指出空气罐在海底输水系统中有特殊的优势,和管道一体化后可实现海底封闭式供水,描述了空气罐的数学模型。认为海底管线布置应尽量保证地形平缓,应充分重视空气罐防护技术,它们是实现海底输水管道安全运行的关键。

Air lock and water hammer research progress of submarine water supply pipeline

The existing problems of hump air lock and water hammer in the projects of submarine water supply pipeline are harmful to the water supply target. Therefore, bubble theory and flow method are used to analyze the cause of hump air lock. By using method of characteristics, we establish a water hammer model caused by pump power failure in water supply pipeline, and introduce the protective measures against water hammer in submarine water supply pipeline. In addition, we point out that the integration of air tank and pipeline is possible for the special advantage of air tank in submarine water supply system. Furthermore, we introduce the mathematical model of air tank. Likewise, we observe that it is mandatory to ensure the submarine pipeline layouts on smooth terrain and pay full attention to the air tank protect technology, which are the keys to achieve safe operation of submarine water supply pipeline.