失效预防技术与展望

失效预防是失效分析的最终目标，具有重要社会价值和经济价值。失效预防也是失效分析发展的内在要求，需要在设计计算方法、失效准则研究和质量控制等方面投入更多精力，以避免类似的失效反复发生。本文在对国内外失效预防工作研究分析的基础上，总结了做好失效预防工作相关的7项常见技术，如质量功能展开、潜在失效模式和后果分析、计算机辅助设计和模拟、健康状态监控技术、失效案例大数据技术、基于群体的寿命预期和质量成本估算等。结合国内外形势，以失效预防为最终目标，建议了5项具体行动，以期对失效案例提供主动预防措施参考。

Failure Prevention Techniques and Development

Failure prevention is the final objective of failure analysis, and it is the inherent requirement of further development of failure analysis.More efforts need to be made in design methods, failure criteria and quality control to avoid the repeat of similar failure.Based on analyzing the current situation of the failure analysis field overseas and at home, seven techniques widely used for failure prevention were summarized, such as quality function deployment (QFD), failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), CAE and FEM, health monitoring technique, data mining of failure cases, life prediction based on lots of data, and quality cost estimation.For the purpose of failure prevention, five concrete actions were suggested, which will lay a solid foundation for initiative failure prevention.