A zirconium-free glaze system for sanitary ceramics with SiO2-CaCO3-TiO2 composite opacifier containing anatase: Effect of interface combination among SiO2, CaCO3 and TiO2 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China;3. Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research Co., Ltd, Beijing 100041, PR China;4. Foshan Mengda Technology Co., Ltd, FoShan 528031, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, China;1. Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea;2. LG Electronics, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, 51554, South Korea;3. BK21 Plus, School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea;4. School of Mechanical Engineering and ERC/NSDM, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea;1. Institute of Iron and Steel Technology, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany;2. Institute of Ceramics, Refractories and Composite Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany;3. Institute of Materials Science, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany;4. Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Metallurgy and Ceramics Science, Tokyo, Japan;1. Institute of Aerospace Materials and Technology, Beijing 100076, China;2. Capital Aerospace Machinery Corporation Limited, Beijing 100076, China;1. Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;2. Dental Biomaterials University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States;3. Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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| Abstract: | TiO2 is an ideal substitute to ZrSiO4 ceramic opacifier, yet it is limited to application because of the undesirable yellowing resulting from rutile formation. Herein, the SiO2-CaCO3-TiO2 composite opacifier (Si-Ca-Ti) was constructed. The glaze used Si-Ca-Ti presents a superior opacification performance than ZrSiO4 opacified glaze without causing yellowing, showing L*, a*, b* values of 94.81, -0.67 and 3.23. By comparison, the glaze using SiO2, CaCO3, and TiO2 mixture shows lower opacification and yellowish surface with L* and b* values of 92.99 and 5.36. It is revealed that there is a close interface bonding among SiO2, CaCO3 and TiO2 in Si-Ca-Ti, which promotes their combination reaction to generate opacification phase titanite and inhibit rutile formation when sintering, resulting in the white surface and opacification improvement of the glaze. This study proposes a green and efficient strategy to achieve white and highly opacified glaze for sanitary ceramics, exhibiting good application prospect. |
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| Keywords: | Composite opacifier Sanitary ceramics Interface bonding |
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