重庆梁平区景观格局演变对生态系统服务价值的影响

景观格局及其变化是生态系统服务价值(ESV)调控的关键因素之一,关系着区域生态安全和可持续发展。以梁平区1999、2009和2018年遥感影像为源数据,运用景观格局指数、ESV评估模型、热点分析等方法研究景观格局和ESV时空变化特征,并在此基础上探讨景观格局演变对ESV的影响。结果表明:(1)1999—2018年,耕地和水域面积总体呈减小趋势,而其他景观类型面积则呈增加趋势;研究区整体景观连通性降低、景观破碎度增大,空间异质性增加。(2)19年间研究区ESV增加6.47亿元;各景观类型中,林地ESV最高;单项生态系统服务价值中,水文调节ESV贡献率最大。ESV在空间分布上具有一定差异性:高值区主要集中分布于梁平区东部和西部高海拔林区及低海拔水域集中区;低海拔耕地和建设用地区为低值区。(3)ESV与景观格局密切相关,梁平区总ESV与景观形状指数、景观多样性指数、景观均匀性指数呈显著正相关,与蔓延度指数、散布与并列指数呈显著负相关。研究揭示了景观格局与总ESV变化的关系,可为梁平区资源可持续开发利用提供科学参考。

Impact of Landscape Pattern Change on Ecosystem Service Value in Liangping,Chongqing

Landscape pattern and its change is one of the key factors of ecosystem service value(ESV)regulation and control,which is related to regional ecological security and sustainable development.Based on the remote sensing data of 1999,2009 and 2018 in Liangping district,the dynamic changes of landscape pattern and ESV were studied by means of landscape pattern index,ESV evaluation model and hot spot analysis.And then the impact of landscape pattern evolution on ESV was discussed.The results show that:(1)In Liangping district from 1999 to 2018,the total area of cultivated land and water area showed a decreasing trend,while the area of other landscape types showed an increasing trend;The landscape connectivity decreased,while the degree of landscape fragmentation and spatial heterogeneity increased.(2)The ESV increased by 647 million CNY in the past 19 years.Among all landscape types,forest had the highest ecosystem services.The ESV contribution rate of hydrological regulation was the largest among single ecosystem service value.ESV had some differences in spatial distribution.The high-value area was mainly distributed in the high-altitude forest areas and low-altitude water areas in the east and west of Liangping district.Construction area and cultivated land of low elevation were low-value areas.(3)The ESV was positively correlated with the landscape shape index,landscape diversity index and landscape uniformity index,and negatively correlated with sprawl index,dispersion index and juxtaposition index.The research reveals the relationship between landscape pattern and ESV changes,which provides scientific reference for sustainable development and utilization of resources in Liangping district.