河下综放开采覆岩破坏发育特征实测及模拟研究

下沟煤矿位于泾河下的煤炭资源，采用综放开采，现有的导水断裂带高度计算方法不能满足水体下采煤安全评价的要求。为了掌握泾河下特厚煤层大面积综放开采的覆岩破坏发育特征，实现水体下安全回采，在研究区工作面不同位置布置了5个采后“两带”孔，进行了钻孔冲洗液漏失量和彩色电视观测，并通过物理模拟进一步研究了在各工作面间留设一定宽度隔离煤柱的开采方式的覆岩破坏过程。观测和模拟结果表明：隔离煤柱有效地控制了覆岩破坏发育高度，成为泾河下压煤安全回采的关键。根据得出的单工作面最大裂采比，并通过最小防水安全煤岩柱垂高的计算，认为地质条件满足泾河下安全回采的要求。

Observation and simulation research on development features of overlying strata failure in conditions of fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining under river

Coal resources of Xiagou Coal Mine locates under the Jing River，using fully mechanized top coal caving mining，therefore，it is difficult to calculate exactly the height of water conducted fissure zone by using the known methods.In order to master the overlying strata failure development features of great thick coal seam massive fully mechanized top coal caving mining under the Jing River，realization of safety mining under water，assigned 5 holes of “Two zone” in different positions of the study area working face，conducted observation of borehole flushing fluid leakage and colour television，and further study on the overlying strata failure process of mining method that remained the isolated pillar with a definite width between the working faces by physical simulation.Observation and simulation results indicate that the isolated pillar has effective control of the development height of overlying strata failure，and it is the key about mining safety under the Jing River.According to the results provide the largest ratio of fissure zone height and mining thick of single working face，and by the least vertical height calculating of the safe coal post preventing water，hold that geological conditions meet the requirements of the mining safety under the Jing River.