基于GHZ态纠缠交换的量子确定性密钥分发方案

为了提高确定性密钥分发效率,提出了基于GHZ态纠缠交换的量子确定性密钥分发(Quantum deterministic key distribution,QDKD)方案,方案充分利用量子力学纠缠交换的原理,通信双方通过共享一对GHZ粒子态,在纠缠、测量操作后接收者Bob可根据发送者Alice发送的经典信息推断出确定密钥,该协议与其他基于GHZ纠缠态的QDKD方案不同之处在于,使用的两个GHZ粒子态制备操作且粒子分发操作由Bob完成,安全分析表明窃听者的窃听行为会被及时发现。所提出的方案是高效的,除去用于窃听检测的粒子,所剩的粒子全部用于信息传输,能够达到60%的密钥分发效率,且方案可操作性强.

Quantum deterministic key distribution protocol based on GHZ states entanglement swapping

In order to improve the efficiency of deterministic key distribution, a quantum key distribution scheme based on GHZ states entanglement swapping is proposed. By sharing a pair of GHZ states between communicators, Bob could deduce deterministic key from classic information which is sand by Alice who takes entanglement and measurement operation. Compared with other scheme which also based on GHZ entanglement state, two GHZ states are produced by Bob in the proposed scheme and particles are distributed not by Alice, but Bob. Security analysis result show that any eavesdropper could be found in time. The proposed scheme has high distribution efficiency in that all the GHZ states can be used to transmit information except those chosen for checking eavesdroppers, it can reach the distribution efficiency at 60% and simple to operation.