Structural,optical, and photocatalytic properties of the spray deposited nanoporous CdS thin films; influence of copper doping,annealing, and deposition parameters |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;2. Department of Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Northern Borders University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;1. Department of Physics, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Karkala, 574110, India;2. Department of Physics, Alva''s Institute of Engineering and Technology, Moodabidri, 574227, India;3. Department of PG Physics, Alva''s College, Moodabidri, 574227, India;4. Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, MIT, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India;5. Department of Physics, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi, 580030, India;1. School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171 China;2. College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013 China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;1. Department of Physics, Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, UK, India;2. Department of Physics, ITM University, Turari, Gwalior, MP, India;3. Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa;1. Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Adana Science and Technology University, 01180 Adana, Turkey;2. Nanotechnology and Engineering Sciences, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana Science and Technology University, 01180 Adana, Turkey;3. Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Karadeniz Technical University, 61830 Trabzon, Turkey;4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey;5. Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey;1. Department of Physics, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India;2. Department of Physics, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt;1. Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and, Natural Sciences, Adana Science and Technology University, 01180, Adana, Turkey;2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz, Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey;3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | Nanoporous thin films of Cd1?xCuxS (0≤x≤0.06) were grown on a heated glass substrate employing a home-made spray pyrolysis technique. The influences of Cu]/Cd] and the annealing in the range 300–500 °C on the structural and morphological properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The influences of Cu doping ratio, solution flow rate, and the deposition time on the optical properties and photocatalytic activity of these films are also reported. The films are of polycrystalline nature and hexagonal structure. Increasing the Cu doping ratio and annealing temperature improve the (1 0 1) preferential orientation. The crystallite size is ranged from 23.82 to 32.11 nm. XRD and FTIR reveal the formation of CdO in the 6% Cu-doped CdS film annealed at 400 °C and in all films annealed at 500 °C. The pure CdS film is of a porous structure and the close-packing and porosity of the films increase with increasing Cu%. Also, the pore diameter can be controlled from 50 to 15 nm with the increase of Cu content. The films showed transmittance below 70%. The optical band gap of the films is decreased from 2.43 to 1.82 eV with increasing Cu% and flow rate/deposition time. Additionally, the refractive indices and dispersion parameters of the films are also affected by the deposition conditions. Cu doping enhanced the films' photostability as well as the photocatalytic removal of methylene blue (MB). |
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| Keywords: | Cu-doped CdS Nanoporous films Deposition parameters Refractive index Optical constants MB removal |
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