Effect of temperature on structural and optical properties of ZnS thin films by chemical bath deposition without stirring the reaction bath |
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| Affiliation: | 1. High Level Engineering Research Center of Biopharmaceutical Molecules and Diagnostic Apparatuses, Jiangxi Provincial Colleges and Universities, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China;2. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Surface Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China;3. College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China;1. Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea;2. SNETEK Co., Ltd., Suwon-si 16643, Republic of Korea;3. Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;1. Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, FKAB, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;1. School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;2. Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Art-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;4. Environmental Sciences Department, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | ZnS thin films were deposited at different temperatures on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition method without stirring the deposition bath. With deposition temperature increasing from 50 °C to 90 °C, pH decreases rapidly, homogeneous precipitation of ZnS, instead of Zn(OH)2 easily forms in the bath. It means that higher temperature is favorable for the formation of relatively high stoichiometric film, due to the lower concentration of OH?. The thickness of the films deposited at 90 °C is much higher than that of the films deposited at 50 °C and 70 °C. Combining the film thickness with the change of pH, the growth of film, especially deposited at 90 °C mainly comes from the fluctuation region of pH. At the same time, with the increase of deposition temperature, the obtained films are transparent, homogeneous, reflecting, compact, and tightly adherent. The ZnS films deposited for 1.5 h, 2 h and 2.5 h at 70 °C and 90 °C have the cubic structure only after single deposition. The average transmission of all films, especially the thicker films deposited at 90 °C, is greater than 90% for wavelength values in the visible region. Comparing with the condition of stirring, the structural and optical properties of films are improved significantly. The direct band gaps range from 3.93 to 4.06 eV. |
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| Keywords: | Zinc sulfide Thin films Chemical bath deposition Optical properties |
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