基于遗传算法的超声换能器阵列优化设计

声频定向传输系统可向外发射具有高指向性的声波信号，在工业、医疗和军事等领域具有重要的研究意义和价值。换能器阵列作为该系统中最关键的一环，仍存在成本高，能量转化率低和设备结构复杂等缺点。该文采用遗传算法对阵列布局方式进行优化设计，分析了阵元排列方式和数目对阵列指向性的影响，以达到在减少阵元使用数量的同时有效抑制旁瓣的目的。仿真实验表明，采用遗传算法优化后的阵列可使用更少的阵元数目，同时获得更低的旁瓣，使能量更集中在主瓣方向。因此，该方法可降低阵列设计的复杂度和制造成本，对于声频定向传输系统的改进具有一定的借鉴意义。

Optimal Design of Ultrasonic Transducer Array Based on Genetic Algorithm

The acoustic directional transmission system can transmit acoustic signals with high directivity outward and has many applications in the fields of industry,medical treatment and military.As the most critical part of the system,the transducer array still has the disadvantages of high cost,low energy conversion efficiency and complex equipment structure.In this paper,the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the array layout and the effect of arrangement and amount of array elements on the array directivity is analyzed in detail to get the purpose of reducing the number of array elements and suppressing the side lobe effectively.The simulation experiment shows that the array optimized by the genetic algorithm can use less array elements and obtain lower side lobe,so that the energy is more concentrated in the main lobe direction.Therefore,the proposed method can reduce the complexity of the array design and manufacturing cost,and has certain reference value for the improvement of the audio directional transmission system.