光学微小卫星参数统计分析

简述了国内外光学微小卫星的发展现状，对近二十年来国内外光学微小卫星的轨道、尺寸、质量等主要参数进行了统计和分析。由此发现，现代光学微小卫星普遍采用太阳同步轨道，其质量、尺寸以及功耗呈逐年下降的趋势。数据表明，光学微纳卫星已经进入了高速发展阶段，即将成为光学微小卫星的中坚力量。但综合考虑成本、功耗和关键效能等因素，光学微小卫星的尺寸和质量并不是越小越好，最终将稳定在一个合适的尺寸。现代光学微小卫星的谱段设置灵活且针对性强，拥有较强的综合探测能力，一星多用、一星多能将会成为未来光学微小卫星的普遍特点。另外，相比于CCD，CMOS具有成本优势，且新型CMOS的研制取得了重大进展，预计CMOS器件将会被更多地应用到光学微小卫星之中。

Statistical Analysis of Parameters of Optical Micro-satellites

The current status of the optical micro-satellites at home and abroad is presented in brief. The main parameters of the optical micro-satellites at home and abroad over the past two decades are summarized and analyzed. It is found that the modern optical micro-satellites are commonly in sun-synchronous orbits. Their mass, size and power consumption decrease year by year. The data show that the optical micro-nano satellites have entered a rapid development stage and will occupy the dominant position in optical micro-satellites soon. However, in view of the factors such as cost, power consumption and key performance, the optical micro-satellites will eventually have a proper size other than the smaller the better. Modern optical micro-satellites are flexible in spectral band setting. Strong comprehensive detection capability, multi-use and multi-capability will become the common features for future optical micro-satellites. In addition, compared with CCD, CMOS is superior in cost. The development of new CMOS has achieved significant progress. It is expected that CMOS devices will be more used in optical micro-satellites.