轨道角动量传输光纤的研究进展

基于光纤中光子轨道角动量(Orbital Angular Momentum,OAM)的模式复用技术在提高光通信容量方面具有很大的潜力.适合于传输OAM模式的光纤通过材料和结构的优化设计逐步实现了 OAM信号传输更稳定、传输距离更长,OAM模式更多等特性.文章从光纤的模式叠加理论出发,分析比较了各种传输OAM模式光纤的研究成果、优缺点以及适合的应用场景,包括基于传统光纤设计的环状光纤、超模光纤,以及基于光子晶体光纤设计的六角和圆形光子晶体光纤等.最后对适合于传输OAM模式光纤的发展前景做了展望.

Research Progress of Optical Fiber with Orbital Angular Momentum Transmission

Mode multiplexing technology based on orbital angular momentum (OAM) in optical fiber has great potential in increasing the capacity of optical communication. The optical fiber suitable for OAM mode transmission has gradually realized the characteristics of more stable OAM signal transmission and longer transmission distance, as well as support for more OAM transmission modes through the optimized design of materials and structure. Starting from the optical fiber mode superposition theory, it analyzes and compares the research results, advantages and disadvantages, and suitable application scenarios of various optical fibers that can transmit OAM modes, including ring fibers and super-mode fibers designed based on traditional fibers, as well as hexagonal and circular photonic crystal fibers designed based on photonic crystal fibers, etc. Finally, a further prospect is made for the development of the optical fiber that suitable for the transmission OAM mode.