用荧光光子统计测量作单分子识别与分辨

通过荧光光子的统计测量识别和分辨单个分子，在物理、生物、化学和信息处理等领域都有着广泛的应用。从识别和分辨两个方面分析总结了两类判别单分子的方法：一类是判别单分子光子源，其判别方法有两种：一种是利用开始一停止的方法测量光激发单分子荧光光场的二阶关联函数办法来识别；另一种是基于光子记数统计测量的判别方法。另一类是对于多种分子混合时，分辨探测到的单分子是哪种荧光分子。介绍了基于光子特性相关单光子统计测量，利用概率计算分析的两种方法：最大概率法和查表法。

Identifying and Distinguishing Single-molecule Based on the Fluorescence Photon Statistic Measurement

Identifying and distinguishing single-molecule by fluorescence photon statistic measuring have been widely applied in physics, biology, chemistry and information processing et al.. Two kinds of methods of identifying and distinguishing single-molecule are analyzed and reviewed. Firstly, two identification methods to identify singlemolecule photon source are introduced: one by measuring laser stimulated single-molecule fluorescence field twoorder autocorrelation function with start-stop method, the other based on single photon counting statistic measurement. Secondly, the other kind of methods are to distinguish which species molecules the single-molecule detected belongs to when a couple of species molecules are mixed. Two methods, based on property-correlated single-photon counting statistic measurement and probability calculation and analysis, are chiefly introduced: the maximum likelihood method and the lookup table method.