表面波等离子体鞭状天线方向特性的理论分析

等离子体天线因其具有许多独特的性质而受到广泛关注。利用金属天线的传输线等效理论，研究了等离子体电子密度和碰撞频率对等离子体鞭状天线辐射方向特性的影响，并利用高频仿真软件HFSS对计算方法进行了验证。结果表明，当等离子体电子密度较小、碰撞频率较高时，等离子体鞭状天线与相同物理尺寸的金属天线辐射方向图相差较大；而在较高电子密度和较低碰撞频率条件下，两种天线具有相似的辐射方向图，并且电子密度越大、碰撞频率越低，其与金属天线的辐射方向图越接近。

Theoretical Analysis on Radiation Characteristics of the Plasma Whip Antenna Sustained by Surface Wave

Plasma antenna has attracted much attention due to its unique characters. Using the transmission-line equivalent theoretic of the metal antenna, the effects of plasma electron density and collision frequency on the radiation pattern characteristics of the plasma whip antenna sustained by surface saves were studied. Moreover, the calculating method was validated by use of the high frequency simulation software （HFSS）. The calculating results show that the radiation patterns of the plasma whip antenna and the metal antenna of the same size have widely differences when the plasma electron density is low and collision frequency is high. However, they would have the similar radiation patterns when the plasma electron density is high and collision frequency is low. Besides, the radiation pattern of the plasma antenna would approach to the radiation pattern of the same-sized metal antenna when the plasma electron density is higher and collision frequency is lower.