位相板的制作及其在相衬法实验中的应用

为了制作用于相衬法实验的π/2相板,采用全息干版,通过控制其曝光时间及冲洗过程,使乳胶膜的厚度或折射率发生改变,从而调节位相的变化;采用双点光源干涉位相测量方法,检测并筛选出符合要求的相板,得到相板位相的2维分布图;将筛选出的有一定吸收的π/2相板作为相衬法实验的位相滤波器并置于透镜频谱面上,在像平面上所成的位相物体的像达到了预期的效果。结果表明,用全息干版制作相板的实验方案及工艺是可行的,且相板的位相与吸收率可以任意设计。这为设计、制作和检测相板提供了一种简单、廉价和快捷的实验方法及工艺流程。

Manufacturing method of a phase plate and its application in phase-contrast experiments

For the purpose of producing a phase plate for phase-contrast experiments, firstly, controlling the exposure time and washing process of a holographic plate, the thickness or refractive index of the film was changed so as to adjust the phase change. Secondly, with the help of two-point light sources interference phase measurement, the required phase plate was.detected and screened and its two-dimension phase distribution was obtained. Finally, a π/2 phase plate with a certain absorptivity was selected as a phase filter located in the spectrum surface of the lens in the experiment, and the predicated image was obtained on the image plane. The results in the phase detection and the phase-contrast experiments show that it is feasible to produce a phase plate with a holographic plate,and the phase and absorptivity of the phase plate can be designed at will. This is a simple,cheap and fast process to design, manufacture and measure a phase plate.