Periodicity Perturbed Grounded Frequency Selective Surface Arrays as Millimeter Wave Random Phase Coherence Destroying Diffusers

This paper presents the design, construction and testing of perturbed periodicity slot type grounded Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) array as millimeter wave (mm-wave) random phase diffusers to eliminate speckle in active mm-wave imaging. To create a random phase diffuser for destroying the coherence of mm-wave sources we proposed FSS based diffusers arrays where the periodicities between the elements are different thought the slot of the cells are similar. The impacts of periodicity variations of both TM and TE field directions have been investigated. The periodicity of an FSS is the main design parameter used to optimize the phase shifting properties of the arrays. The critical parameters of the diffuser arrays design, such as phase relation with periodicity and optimum designed consideration are discussed. We designed the FSS arrays with Finite Integral Technique, fabricated by using etching technique and characterized the S-parameters with a free space Millimeter Wave Vector Network Analyzer (MVNA).