微带巴伦馈电圆锥等角螺旋天线设计与实验

无源雷达导引头一般采用宽带天线以满足对空间辐射源的探测和跟踪。圆锥等角螺旋天线具有宽频带和圆极化的辐射性能,因此它是一种合适的无源雷达导引头天线实现方案。为了满足实际项目的需要,本文开展了圆锥等角螺旋天线的设计和实验研究。设计了具体的天线结构和参数,采用微带粘结技术实现圆锥表面共形的等角螺旋天线臂的加工和焊接。设计了一种超宽带微带平衡-不平衡转换器(巴伦)以实现对设计天线的馈电。在微波暗室内对加工的天线进行了测量,给出了辐射方向图、增益、轴比等测试结果。实验结果表明,对于频带1GHz到5GHz工作频率范围,本文设计和加工的天线性能可以满足技术要求,其实验结果为本天线的实际应用奠定了基础。

Design and Experiment of a Conical Equiangular Spiral Antenna Fed by Microstrip Balun

The wide band antennas are usually used to detect and track the spatial radiation sources for passive radar seekers.The conical equiangular spiral antenna(CSA) is an appropriate antenna implementation scheme for the passive radar seeker because it has the performances of broad bandwidth and circular polarization.This paper designed and measured a kind of CSA to meet a practical project requirement.The specific antenna structure and parameters are designed.Then the fabrication and soldering of the conical conformal spiral arms were realized by microstrip adhering technique.An ultra wide band microstrip balanced-to-unbalanced transformer(Balun) was also designed to feed the designed CSA.The fabricated antenna was measured in the anechoic chamber and the experiment results including radiation patterns,gain and axial ratio(AR) are provided.The experimental results demonstrate that the designed and fabricated CSA in this paper can meet the technical requirements.The experimental results constitute a basis for the practical applications of the designed CSA in this paper.