非线性跟踪微分器在光电编码器测速中的应用

给出了一种基于位置测量的实时速度估计方法,并应用于轴角编码器测速。该算法基于非线性跟踪微分器理论,采用对输入信号进行数值积分的方式,快速准确地估计出其微分信号,避免了常规差分算法带来的噪声放大问题;算法不依赖于对象模型,计算量小,易于实现。给出了该算法的理论依据,以及基于欧拉方法的离散表达公式,并进行了数值仿真分析和实验验证。实验结果表明:该方法能有效地降低编码器采样频率和测量噪声对测速的影响,明显提高低速测量的实时性和准确性,进一步将此方法应用于实验系统的速度闭环反馈控制,在不改变控制器参数的情况下,将0.004(°)/s的速度波动方差从1.563(″)/s减少到1.066(″)/s,改善了低速跟踪的速度平稳性。仿真和实验证明了该方法的有效性和实用性。

Application of the nonlinear tracking-differentiator in velocity estimation on optical encoder

A real -time velocity estimation method based on position measurement was proposed to measure the velocity of axis-angle encoder. Based on the theory of nonlinear tracking-differentiator, the input signal was integrated digitally, and the differential signal was estimated fastly and exactly, avoiding the noise amplification brought by conventional differential method. The method was mode -independent and easily implemented with small computation. The theoretical foundation and discrete time expression using...