激光扫描速度对碳钢板表面锈蚀层去除质量的影响

采用光纤激光器开展了碳钢板表面锈蚀层激光清洗研究，通过白光干涉仪、光学显微镜、拉曼光谱仪等研究了激光扫描速度对锈蚀层去除质量的影响。研究表明，当激光扫描速度小于2 000 mm/s时，因光斑搭接率高，热累积效应强，试样表面出现基材熔化重凝现象，同时试样表面发生二次氧化，生成了复杂的铁的氧化物膜层，此时试样表面粗糙度最小。当激光扫描速度增加到3000 mm/s时，试样表面锈蚀层去除干净，露出金属基底本身色泽，基材表面二次氧化减弱。当线速度继续增加时，因光斑搭接率低，锈蚀层吸收的激光能量少，仅有部分锈蚀被去除，试样表面开始出现残留锈蚀层，且随着线速度的增加，残留锈蚀层和试样表面粗糙度增加。通过调节扫描速度可以获得较好的除锈效果，工艺优化后，激光功率为120 W时，除锈效率达到1.5 m2/h。

Effect of laser scanning speed of the removal quality of rust layer on carbon steel surface

Laser cleaning of rust layer on the surface of carbon steel was studied by fiber laser, the effect of laser scanning speed on the removal quality of rust layer was studied by white light interferometer, optical microscope and Raman spectrometer. The results show that, when the laser scanning speed is less than 2 000 mm/s, the high spot overlap rate and strong heat accumulation effect, lead to the melting and recondensation of the substrate surface, and a secondary oxidation occurs on the sample surface, which result the formation of a complex iron oxide film, at the same time, the surface roughness of the sample is the smallest. When the laser scanning speed is increased to 3000 mm/s, the rust layer on the surface of the sample is completely removed, the color of the metal substrate is exposed, and the secondary oxidation on the surface of the substrate is weakened. When the scanning speed continues to increase, due to the low spot overlap rate, the laser energy absorbed by the rust layer is less, only part of the rust layer is removed, the residual rust layer begins to appear on the surface of the sample, and with the increase of scanning speed, the residual rust layer and surface roughness increase. Better rust removal effect can be obtained by adjusting the scanning speed, after optimization the process, when the laser power is 120 W, the rust removal efficiency reaches 1.5 m2/h.