低空高分辨率激光雷达光学系统设计

针对“低慢小”目标光学成像识别能力差、复杂背景下信噪比低等问题，设计了一款低空高空间分辨率激光雷达光学系统。发射光学系统扫描器件采用MEMS反射镜，设计了专用扩束光学系统保证不同扫描角度发射激光的光束质量；接收光学系统采用物镜、数字微反射镜器件结合偏振器件，可同时实现激光回波接收与可见光成像，相较于采用单点探测器接收的激光接收系统，具有背景噪声低的优势。给出了光学系统的性能参数，利用光学设计软件设计了光学系统，该系统空间分辨率为0.5 mrad/pixel，扫描点阵列规模为200×200。模拟结果表明设计方法可行，计算其在大气中的探测距离可达到1000 m，背景噪声相较于单点探测器接收系统可降低约22162倍。

Design of low altitude high resolution lidar optical system

Aiming at the problems of optical imaging for low altitude, low speed and small target recognition ability and low signal-to-noise ratio, a low altitude and high resolution lidar optical system was designed. The MEMS mirror was used by the scanning device of the transmitting optical system, and the beam expanding system was designed to ensure the beam quality of the laser emitted at different scanning angles. The digital mirror device combine with objective lens, polarizing device were used for receiving optical system, the background noise was greatly lower than laser receiving system using single-point detector and could realize laser echo receiving and visible light imaging at the same time. The structure parameters of the optical system were given, an optical system was designed using optical design software. The optical system has a spatial resolution of 0.5 mrad/pixel and an array scale of 200×200. The simulation results show that design method is feasible. The detection distance can reach 1000 m, and the background noise can be reduced by about 22162 times compared to the single-point detector receiving system.ystem.