高精度透射式空间光学系统装调误差分析与动态控制

高分辨率对地观测对航天遥感器的成像质量提出了严格的要求,装框应力和偏心误差是影响大口径高精度透射式光学系统装调质量的重要因素。首先,在理论上分析了透镜装框应力的影响,实验测量了不同装调应力下的透镜面形,分析了装框应力对系统光学传递函数(MTF)的影响。然后,对光学元件的装调偏心误差进行了研究,测量了一个偏心系统的波前干涉图,分析了偏心导致的光学系统像差,仿真计算了不同透镜偏心误差对像差和MTF的影响。介绍了一种在偏心误差小量超差的情况下,利用中心偏测量仪、干涉仪的测量数据对光学系统进行实时仿真,动态控制装调质量的方法,并在实验上对预估结果进行了验证。结果表明:高精度透射式光学系统装调过程中光学偏心和应力导致的面形变化是影响光学系统质量的主要因素,偏心误差的影响大于应力的影响,不同透镜偏心误差对系统质量有着较大的差异且相互补偿。仿真预估方法能够在装调公差日益苛刻的情况下动态评定各误差间的相互影响与补偿,实时评价光学系统的质量,提高装调效率。

Misalignment and assemblage stress analysis in space transmission optical system

High quality are required in high resolution space remote sensor.The assemblage stress and decentering error are important factors impacting alignment quality of transmission optical system.The deformation lens caused by assemblage stress was studied in theory.The lens wavefront figure with different assemblage stress were tested.The MTF of optical system were calculated and analyzed under each assemblage stress.Then,the impact of misalignment of components was analyzed.The system wavefront interferometric map with centering error was tested,and the aberration caused by centering error was analyzed.The methods to misalignment factor analysis and alignment quality evaluation were proposed.Interferometric test date and lens decenter test date were combined to value the space camera quality.The results show that the optical system quality are influenced by the assemblage stress and tilted or decenter lens caused by misalignment.MTF decreased by lens′ tilt and decenter is more sensitive than the assemblage stress.The method introduced could be available to value synthetic optical system quality influenced by separate component.The MTF of assembled optical system can reach 0.44 at Nyquist frequency of 71.5 lp/mm.The methods could be available to optimize the alignment scheme,and guide optical system alignment.