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两种NLOS误差消除及TOA定位算法
引用本文:段凯宇,张力军,高玲,乔加新,武凌.两种NLOS误差消除及TOA定位算法[J].信号处理,2008,24(4).
作者姓名:段凯宇  张力军  高玲  乔加新  武凌
作者单位:1. 安徽财经大学信息工程学院,蚌埠,233041
2. 南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,南京,210003
摘    要:在蜂窝网络定位中,由于NLOS环境造成的附加时延(NLOS误差)是导致定位精度下降的主要原因,本文将NLOS误差与系统测量误差合成的噪声分为均值部分和随机部分,利用卡尔曼滤波算法输出与噪声方差无关的特性,无需得到全部噪声方差的准确值,只利用系统测量噪声的方差,用卡尔曼滤波算法除随机部分,再根据噪声均值部分与移动台到基站距离的关系,提出了一种简单的最小二乘(LS)定位算法,或利用最优化方法进行定位;利用仿真实验得到滤波距离--误差先验信息,基于先验信息提出了第二种NLOS误差消除算法,再利用所提的最小二乘定位算法进行定位.仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法能够有效消除NLOS误差带来的影响,具有更高的定位精度与稳健性.

关 键 词:非视距  卡尔曼滤波器  到达时间

Two NLOS error elimination and TOA location algorithms
DUAN Kai-yu,ZHANG Li-jun,GAO Ling,QIAO Jia-xin,WU Ling.Two NLOS error elimination and TOA location algorithms[J].Signal Processing,2008,24(4).
Authors:DUAN Kai-yu  ZHANG Li-jun  GAO Ling  QIAO Jia-xin  WU Ling
Abstract:In cellular network location,the excessive time delay caused by NLOS environment (NLOS error) is the main reason which degrades the location accuracy mainly.This paper separates the combined noise of the NLO$ error and the system measurement er- ror into mean value and stochastic part.The Kalman filtering algorithm has the property that its' output has no relationship with the vari- ance of the noise.According to this property,the stochastic part can be eliminated by the Kalman filtering algorithm needing only the va- fiance of the system measurement rather than the exact variance of the combined noise.Then the location of the mobile station (MS) can be estimated by using a proposed least square (LS) method or optimization algorithm according to the relationship of the mean value and the distance between the MS and the base station(BS).This paper also summarizes the a priori information about filtered distance- error in the light of the results of computer simulations.The second NLOS error elimination algorithm is proposed based on the a priori information.The computer simulations indicate the proposed algorithms can eliminate the NLOS error effectively with higher accuracy and robustness.
Keywords:non-line-of-sight (NLOS)  Kalman filter  time of arrival (TOA)
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