宽带自适应和差波束形成与测角方法研究

针对宽带自适应空频处理的信噪比要求高、计算量大等问题，本文提出了一种基于均匀线阵的无需预延迟处理宽带空时处理结构的自适应和差波束形成与测角方法。方法利用和波束指向在多频点处的响应来建立多约束条件，以此获得基于线性约束最小方差的自适应和波束权向量，对多频点的空时二维向量修正和波束权向量得到差波束权向量，最后进行和差波束形成，对每个样本和差比幅单脉冲测角。本方法相比于常规的自适应单脉冲测角方法，可有效地处理宽带信号，不需要对每个频带信号进行检测，具有低信噪比条件下可测角、测角精确度高等特点，而且仿真分析验证了当存在主瓣干扰时，该方法仍然有效。 

Research on Wideband Adaptive Sum and Difference Beamforming and Angle Measurement Method

In order to solve the problems of high SNR requirement and large amount of computation in wideband adaptive space-frequency processing, this paper proposes an wideband space-time adaptive sum difference beamforming and angle measurement method based on uniform linear array without pre delay processing. Methods that the multi constraint conditions are established by the response of sum beam pointing at multi frequency points, so as to obtain the adaptive and beam weight vectors based on the minimum variance of linear constraint. The space-time two-dimensional vector correction and beam weight vectors of multi frequency points are used to obtain the difference beam weight vectors. Finally, the sum difference beam forming is carried out, and the angle is measured for each sample and the difference amplitude single pulse. Compared with the conventional adaptive monopulse angle measurement method, this method can effectively process the wideband signal without detecting the signal in each frequency band. It has the characteristics of high angle measurement accuracy and angle measurement accuracy under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, the simulation results show that this method is still effective when there is main lobe interference.