扫描电镜在无源外科植入物检测中的应用综述

超微结构技术与无源外科植入等生物医学的交叉融合,使得相关研究的尺度向更直观和更微观的方向延伸。无源外科植入物的安全性能及与人体接触部分的生物相容性和生物稳定性受其原料和结构组成特点的影响。扫描电子显微技术将植入物的超微界面体系可视化,是当今无源外科植入等生命科学研究的前沿方向之一。本文介绍了扫描电子显微技术结合能谱分析等手段的基本原理,综述了应用扫描电子显微技术对乳房植入物、人工血管、血管支架、生物膜材料、钛及钛合金植入物的结构和形貌观测及化学成分分析,揭示了植入物与人体的作用机制。此外,总结了扫描电子显微技术在微区信息提取方面不可代替的优势,展望了扫描电子显微技术未来的可能研究方向,期望能进一步促进无源外科植入等生命科学领域的深入发展与广泛应用。

Application of scanning electron microscopy in detection of non-active surgical implants: a review

Interdisciplinary integration between ultrastructural technology and biomedicine, such as non-active surgical implants, endows related research with more intuitive fashion and microscopic scale. For these implants, their safety, bio-compatibility and-stability at contact area with human body are affected by raw materials and structural composition. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) technology is able to make the ultramicro interface system of implants visualized, appearing as one of the frontiers in non-active surgical implants research in life science. This review introduces principles of SEM coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), surveys the application of SEM in the structure and morphology observation and chemical composition analysis of mammary implants, tubular vascular prostheses, vascular stents, biofilm materials, titanium and titanium alloy implants, and reveals the action mechanism between implants and human body. In addition, this review summarizes the irreplaceable advantages of SEM in micro-domain information extraction, and makes an outlook on the potential research topics of SEM in the future, with the expectation to further promote in-depth development and wide application of non-active surgical implant in life science.