激光熔覆Fe-Cr-W-V梯度涂层组织性能研究与有限元分析

采用类似于高速钢的材料作为工作层，在工作层成分基础上通过降低主要元素含量作为过渡层。利用激光熔覆的方法将材料熔覆到45号的基体上,在工作层中添加0-0.2 %的稀土氧化铈，结果表明，添加一定量的稀土可以细化晶粒，提高其硬度、耐蚀性、耐磨性。添加0.1 % Ce2O3的复合涂层性能最优，其表面硬度可达62.2 HRC，相对耐磨性较无稀土的复合涂层可提高20 %。添加Ce2O3含量0.1 %和0.2 %的复合涂层的耐蚀性相对未添加稀土涂层分别提高1.88倍、1.72倍。利用Marc软件对过渡层熔覆过程进行模拟，将模拟的应力值与小孔法测量的应力值进行比较，模拟得到的应力值与实测应力值变化趋势拟合较好,纯工作层成分的熔覆层残余应力最高，增加过渡层后可大幅降低残余应力，实测工作层横向为812 MPa，确定最佳梯度层成分M2梯度层成分为最优。

Microstructure and properties of Fe-Cr-W-V gradient cladding coating and finite element analysis

The material similar to high-speed steel is used as working layer, and the main element content is reduced as transition layer on the basis of working layer composition. Argon arc cladding was used to clad the material onto the substrate 45 and 0-0.2% rare earth cerium oxide was added into the working layer. Argon arc cladding was used to clad the material onto the substrate 45 and 0-0.2% rare earth cerium oxide was added into the working layer. The composite coating with 0.1% Ce2O3 has the best performance, and its surface hardness can reach 62.2 HRC. The relative wear resistance of the composite coating without rare earth can be increased by 20%. The corrosion resistance of the composite coatings with 0.1% Ce2O3 and 0.2% Ce2O3 was 1.88 times and 1.72 times higher than that of the rare earth coatings without Ce2O3. Marc software is used to simulate the cladding process of the transition layer. The simulated stress value is compared with the stress value measured by the small hole method. The simulated stress value is in good agreement with the measured stress value. The residual stress of the cladding layer with pure working layer is the highest. The residual stress can be greatly reduced by increasing the transition layer. The measured working layer is 812 MPa horizontally, and the best gradient layer composition M2 gradient layer composition is the best.